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*.h linguist-language=c

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# IDE
.idea/
.vscode/
# Autotools
*.cache/
.deps/
config.*
configure
Makefile.in
Makefile
depcomp
compile
libtool
ltmain.sh
install-sh
missing
stamp-h1
.dirstamp
aclocal.m4
# build
*.o
*.lo
*.loT
*.la
*.lai
*.a
*.so
*.dylib
.libs
u6ac
u6a
# others
*.log

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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 3, 29 June 2007
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
software and other kinds of works.
The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast,
the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free
software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to
your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
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To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
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you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
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Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
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Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run
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TERMS AND CONDITIONS
0. Definitions.
"This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.
"Copyright" also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of
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"The Program" refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this
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To "propagate" a work means to do anything with it that, without
permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for
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public, and in some countries other activities as well.
To "convey" a work means any kind of propagation that enables other
parties to make or receive copies. Mere interaction with a user through
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An interactive user interface displays "Appropriate Legal Notices"
to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible
feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2)
tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the
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work under this License, and how to view a copy of this License. If
the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a
menu, a prominent item in the list meets this criterion.
1. Source Code.
The "source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work
for making modifications to it. "Object code" means any non-source
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than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of
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The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users
can regenerate automatically from other parts of the Corresponding
Source.
The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that
same work.
2. Basic Permissions.
All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of
copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated
conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited
permission to run the unmodified Program. The output from running a
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You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not
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long as you offer spare parts or customer support for that product
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copy of the Corresponding Source for all the software in the
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unpacking, reading or copying.
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"Additional permissions" are terms that supplement the terms of this
License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent
that they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions
apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately
under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by
this License without regard to the additional permissions.
When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option
remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of
it. (Additional permissions may be written to require their own
removal in certain cases when you modify the work.) You may place
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Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you
add to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of
that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
a) Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the
terms of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or
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received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
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Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the
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You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
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However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your
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finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright
holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means
prior to 60 days after the cessation.
Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
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violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
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your receipt of the notice.
Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
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reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
material under section 10.
9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or
run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission
to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However,
nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or
modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do
not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a
covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.
10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible
for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.
An "entity transaction" is a transaction transferring control of an
organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered
work results from an entity transaction, each party to that
transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever
licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or could
give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the
Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if
the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.
You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may
not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of
rights granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation
(including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that
any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
11. Patents.
A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
work thus licensed is called the contributor's "contributor version".
A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims
owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For
purposes of this definition, "control" includes the right to grant
patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
this License.
Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to
make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
propagate the contents of its contributor version.
In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express
agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
(such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
sue for patent infringement). To "grant" such a patent license to a
party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
patent against the party.
If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so
available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
license to downstream recipients. "Knowingly relying" means you have
actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
country that you have reason to believe are valid.
If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
work and works based on it.
A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within
the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered
work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is
in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment
to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying
the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the
parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory
patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work
conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily
for and in connection with specific products or compilations that
contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement,
or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a
covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
combination as such.
14. Revised Versions of this License.
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the
option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
version or of any later version published by the Free Software
Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the
GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
by the Free Software Foundation.
If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
to choose that version for the Program.
Later license versions may give you additional or different
permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
later version.
15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
16. Limitation of Liability.
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGES.
17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
copy of the Program in return for a fee.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
<program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.

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SUBDIRS = src man

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# u6a
[![license](https://img.shields.io/badge/licence-GPLv3-blue.svg)](LICENSE)
Implementation of Unlambda, an esoteric programming language.
## Description
The u6a project provides a C implementation of the [Unlambda](http://www.madore.org/~david/programs/unlambda/) programming language, where Unlambda source code can be compiled into bytecode and executed in a virtual machine.
Ideas behind this implementation can be found [here](https://).
## Requirements
* A POSIX-compliant operating system
* GNU Autotools
* GNU Make
* A C compiler (with C99 support)
## Build
```bash
# (If not already) Install the required build tools.
sudo apt install build-essential automake
# Generate configure files.
autoreconf --install
# Run configure script with desired options.
./configure --prefix=$HOME
# Compile sources and generate executables.
make
# (Optional) Run tests.
make check
# (Optional) Install executables and man pages.
make install
```
## Usage
First, compile an Unlambda source file into bytecode.
```bash
u6ac -o foo.unl.bc foo.unl
```
Then, execute the bytecode file with the interpreter.
```bash
u6a foo.unl.bc
```
See [**u6ac**(1)](man/u6ac.1) and [**u6a**(1)](man/u6a.1) man pages for details.
## TODOs
* `u6adb` - An interactive debugger for Unlambda
* More compile-time optimizations

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AC_PREREQ([2.69])
AC_INIT([u6a], [0.01], [https://cismon.net])
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([foreign])
AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([src/u6a.c])
AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])
AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile src/Makefile man/Makefile])
dnl Checks for programs.
AC_PROG_CC_C99
dnl Checks for libraries.
dnl Checks for header files.
AC_CHECK_HEADERS([arpa/inet.h inttypes.h stddef.h stdint.h stdlib.h string.h unistd.h],
[],
[AC_MSG_ERROR("required header(s) not found")])
dnl Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics.
AC_CHECK_HEADER_STDBOOL
AC_C_INLINE
AC_C_RESTRICT
AC_TYPE_UINT16_T
AC_TYPE_UINT32_T
AC_TYPE_UINT8_T
AC_TYPE_SIZE_T
dnl Checks for library functions.
AC_FUNC_MALLOC
AC_FUNC_REALLOC
AC_CHECK_FUNCS([getopt_long strtoul])
AC_OUTPUT

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GNU Free Documentation License
Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
<https://fsf.org/>
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
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MAN_DIR = $(prefix)/share/man/man1
MAN_FILES = u6ac.1 u6a.1
install: $(MAN_FILES)
mkdir -p $(MAN_DIR) && cp -t $(MAN_DIR) $^
uninstall: $(MAN_FILES)
pushd $(MAN_DIR) && rm -f $^ && popd

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.TH "U6A" "1" "Jan 30, 2020" "0.0.1" "U6A User Manual"
.
.SH NAME
u6a \- Runtime for the Unlambda programming language
.
.SH SYNOPSIS
\fBu6a\fR [\fIoptions\fR] \fIbytecode\-file\fR
.
.SH DESCRIPTION
Load and execute Unlambda bytecode from the given \fIbytecode\-file\fR, or \fBSTDIN\fR if "-" is given.
.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-stack\-segment\-size\=\fIelem\-count\fR
Specify size of each stack segment of Unlambda VM to \fIelem\-count\fR.
.TP
\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-pool\-size\fR=\fIelem\-count\fR
Specify size of object pool of Unlambda VM to \fIelem\-count\fR.
.TP
\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-info\fR
Print info (version, segment size, etc.) corresponding to the \fIbytecode\-file\fR, then exit.
.TP
\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR
Attempt to execute even when the \fIbytecode\-file\fR version is not compatible. Meanwhile, ignore unrecognizable instructions and data during execution.
.TP
\fB\-H\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
Prints help message, then exit.
.TP
\fB\-V\fR, \fB\-\-version\fR
Prints version number, then exit.
.
.SH NOTES
.SS Bytecode Files
.TP
Version compatiblility:
Definition of Unlambda bytecode may differ across multiple versions of u6a. Execution result is guaranteed to be consistent when both MAJOR and MINOR versions of bytecode file and the interpreter matches. Otherwise, the code may not work as expected and the interpreter will refuse to execute unless \fB-f\fR option is provided.
.TP
Redundant data:
While reading data from \fIbytecode\-file\fR, any bytes before the first occurrence of magic number \fI0xDC\fR is ignored. The same is true for bytes after \fI.rodata\fR segment, however, if read from \fBSTDIN\fR, they could be read by the current Unlambda program.
.
.SH SEE ALSO
\fBu6ac\fR(1)
.
.SH COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>.
.br
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
.br
A copy of the license is included in \fIman/LICENSE\fR.

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.TH "U6A" "1" "Jan 30, 2020" "0.0.1" "U6A User Manual"
.
.SH NAME
u6ac \- Bytecode compiler for the Unlambda programming language
.
.SH SYNOPSIS
\fBu6ac\fR [\fIoptions\fR] \fIsource\-file\fR
.
.SH DESCRIPTION
Read and compile Unlambda code from the given \fIsource\-file\fR, or \fBSTDIN\fR if "-" is given. Compilation result is saved in a special bytecode format, which can be executed with \fBu6a\fR(1).
.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-output\fR=\fIout\-file\fR
Save compiled bytecode to \fIout\-file\fR, defaults to \fIsource\-file\fR name with ".bc" suffix, or \fBSTDOUT\fR if the source file is read from \fBSTDIN\fR.
.TP
\fB\-\-add\-prefix\fR[=\fIprefix\-string\fR]
Add \fIprefix\-string\fR to the beginning of \fIout\-file\fR. Defaults to "#!/usr/bin/env u6a\\n".
.TP
\fB\-O[\fIoptimization\-level\fR]
Compile-time optimization level. \fB\-O0\fR: Turn off optimization. \fB\-O1\fR(default): Turn on basic optimizations, including constant folding & propagation, dead code elimination, etc.
.TP
\fB\-\-syntax\-only\fR
Only check for lexical and syntactic correctness of the source file, and skips bytecode generation.
.TP
\fB\-v\fR, \fB\-\-verbose\fR
Print extra debug messages to \fBSTDOUT\fR. When this option is enabled, \fIout\-file\fR should not be \fBSTDOUT\fR.
.TP
\fB\-H\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
Prints help message, then exit.
.TP
\fB\-V\fR, \fB\-\-version\fR
Prints version number, then exit.
.
.SH NOTES
.SS Unlambda
.TP
Language features:
All features of Unlambda 2.0 are supported, including I/O functions, continuations and promises.
.TP
Comments:
Text in line comments is not restricted to ASCII only. UTF-8 format is also supported.
.TP
Function names:
Charactor X in functions \fB.X\fR and \fB?X\fR must be printable ASCII or "\\n" (beware if you are using Windows-style newlines), and are case-sensitive. Other builtin function names are case-insensitive.
.SS Code Size
Unlambda code size should not be larger than 4MiB (not counting comments and whitespaces). You may change this limit in \fIdefs.h\fR and rebuild u6a for larger code to compile.
.
.SH SEE ALSO
\fBu6a\fR(1)
.
.SH COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>.
.br
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
.br
A copy of the license is included in \fIman/LICENSE\fR.

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src/Makefile.am Normal file
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bin_PROGRAMS = u6ac u6a
u6ac_SOURCES = logging.c lexer.c parser.c codegen.c u6ac.c
u6a_SOURCES = logging.c vm_stack.c vm_pool.c runtime.c u6a.c

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/*
* codegen.c - Unlambda VM bytecode generator
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "codegen.h"
#include "logging.h"
#include "vm_defs.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define OPTIMIZE_STR_MIN_LEN 0x04
#define WRITE_SECION(buffer, type_size, len, ostream) \
if (UNLIKELY(len != fwrite(buffer, type_size, len, ostream))) { \
write_len = len * type_size; \
goto codegen_failed; \
}
static FILE* output_stream;
static const char* file_name;
static bool optimize_const;
static const char* err_codegen = "codegen error";
static const char* info_codegen = "codegen";
struct ins_with_offset {
struct u6a_vm_ins ins;
uint32_t offset;
};
static inline bool
write_bc_header(FILE* restrict output_stream, uint32_t text_len, uint32_t rodata_len) {
struct u6a_bc_header header = {
.file = {
.magic = U6A_MAGIC,
.ver_major = U6A_VER_MAJOR,
.ver_minor = U6A_VER_MINOR,
.prog_header_size = U6A_BC_PROG_HEADER_SIZE
},
.prog = {
.text_size = htonl(text_len * sizeof(uint8_t)),
.rodata_size = htonl(rodata_len * sizeof(struct u6a_token))
}
};
return 1 == fwrite(&header, sizeof(struct u6a_bc_header), 1, output_stream);
}
bool
u6a_write_prefix(const char* prefix_string) {
if (prefix_string == NULL) {
return true;
}
uint32_t write_length = strlen(prefix_string);
if (UNLIKELY(write_length != fwrite(prefix_string, sizeof(char), write_length, output_stream))) {
u6a_err_write_failed(err_codegen, write_length, file_name);
return false;
}
u6a_info_verbose(info_codegen, "prefix string written, %" PRIu32 " chars total", write_length);
return true;
}
void
u6a_codegen_init(FILE* output_stream_, const char* file_name_, bool optimize_const_) {
output_stream = output_stream_;
file_name = file_name_;
optimize_const = optimize_const_;
}
bool
u6a_codegen(struct u6a_ast_node* ast_arr, uint32_t ast_len) {
void* bc_buffer = calloc(ast_len, sizeof(struct u6a_vm_ins) + sizeof(char));
if (UNLIKELY(bc_buffer == NULL)) {
u6a_err_bad_alloc(err_codegen, ast_len * (sizeof(struct u6a_vm_ins) + sizeof(char)));
return false;
}
struct u6a_vm_ins* text_buffer = bc_buffer;
char* rodata_buffer = (char*)(text_buffer + ast_len);
uint32_t text_len = 0;
uint32_t rodata_len = 0;
struct ins_with_offset* stack = malloc(ast_len * sizeof(struct ins_with_offset));
if (UNLIKELY(stack == NULL)) {
u6a_err_bad_alloc(err_codegen, ast_len * sizeof(struct ins_with_offset));
free(bc_buffer);
return false;
}
uint32_t stack_top = UINT32_MAX;
for (uint32_t node_idx = 0; node_idx < ast_len; ++node_idx) {
struct u6a_ast_node* node = ast_arr + node_idx;
if (U6A_AN_FN(node) != u6a_tf_app) {
continue;
}
struct u6a_ast_node* lchild = U6A_AN_LEFT(node);
struct u6a_ast_node* rchild = U6A_AN_RIGHT(node, ast_arr);
if (U6A_AN_FN(lchild) == u6a_tf_app) {
if (U6A_AN_FN(rchild) == u6a_tf_app) {
stack[stack_top++].ins.opcode = u6a_vo_sa;
} else {
stack[stack_top++].ins = (struct u6a_vm_ins) {
.opcode = u6a_vo_app,
.operand.fn.second = rchild->value
};
}
} else {
if (U6A_AN_FN(rchild) == u6a_tf_app) {
if (U6A_AN_FN(lchild) == u6a_tf_d) {
text_buffer[text_len].opcode = u6a_vo_del;
stack[stack_top++] = (struct ins_with_offset) {
.ins.opcode = u6a_vo_la,
.offset = text_len++
};
} else {
stack[stack_top++].ins = (struct u6a_vm_ins) {
.opcode = u6a_vo_app,
.operand.fn.first = lchild->value
};
}
} else {
if (optimize_const && U6A_AN_FN(lchild) == u6a_tf_out) {
uint32_t old_rodata_len = rodata_len;
uint32_t old_stack_top = stack_top;
rodata_buffer[rodata_len++] = U6A_AN_CH(lchild);
while (stack_top < UINT32_MAX) {
struct u6a_vm_ins peek_ins = stack[stack_top--].ins;
struct u6a_token operand_first = peek_ins.operand.fn.first;
struct u6a_token operand_second = peek_ins.operand.fn.second;
if (peek_ins.opcode == u6a_vo_app && operand_first.fn == u6a_tf_out && !operand_second.fn) {
rodata_buffer[rodata_len++] = operand_first.ch;
} else {
break;
}
}
// Ignore short strings, as they don't optimize much
if (rodata_len - old_rodata_len < OPTIMIZE_STR_MIN_LEN) {
rodata_len = old_rodata_len;
stack_top = old_stack_top;
goto no_optimize_str;
} else {
rodata_buffer[rodata_len++] = '\0';
text_buffer[text_len++] = (struct u6a_vm_ins) {
.opcode = u6a_vo_lc,
.opcode_ex = u6a_vo_ex_print,
.operand.offset = htonl(old_rodata_len)
};
text_buffer[text_len++] = (struct u6a_vm_ins) {
.opcode = u6a_vo_app,
.operand.fn.second = rchild->value
};
}
} else {
no_optimize_str:
text_buffer[text_len++] = (struct u6a_vm_ins) {
.opcode = u6a_vo_app,
.operand.fn = {
.first = lchild->value,
.second = rchild->value
}
};
}
while (stack_top < UINT32_MAX) {
struct ins_with_offset* top_elem = stack + stack_top--;
if (top_elem->ins.opcode == u6a_vo_sa) {
text_buffer[text_len].opcode = u6a_vo_sa;
stack[stack_top++] = (struct ins_with_offset) {
.ins.opcode = u6a_vo_la,
.offset = text_len++
};
break;
} else {
text_buffer[text_len++] = top_elem->ins;
if (top_elem->ins.opcode == u6a_vo_la) {
text_buffer[top_elem->offset].operand.offset = htonl(text_len);
}
}
}
}
}
}
uint32_t write_len;
if (UNLIKELY(!write_bc_header(output_stream, text_len, rodata_len))) {
write_len = sizeof(struct u6a_bc_header);
goto codegen_failed;
}
WRITE_SECION(text_buffer, sizeof(struct u6a_vm_ins), text_len, output_stream);
WRITE_SECION(rodata_buffer, sizeof(char), rodata_len, output_stream);
free(bc_buffer);
free(stack);
u6a_info_verbose(info_codegen, "completed, text: %" PRIu32 ", rodata: %" PRIu32, text_len, rodata_len);
return true;
codegen_failed:
u6a_err_write_failed(err_codegen, write_len, file_name);
free(bc_buffer);
free(stack);
return false;
}

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/*
* codegen.h - Unlambda VM bytecode generator definitions
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifndef U6A_CODEGEN_H_
#define U6A_CODEGEN_H_
#include "common.h"
#include "defs.h"
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
void
u6a_codegen_init(FILE* output_stream, const char* file_name, bool optimize_const);
bool
u6a_write_prefix(const char* prefix_string);
bool
u6a_codegen(struct u6a_ast_node* ast_arr, uint32_t ast_len);
#endif

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/*
* common.h - common includes and definitions
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifndef U6A_COMMON_H_
#define U6A_COMMON_H_
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif
#ifdef __GNUC__
#define LIKELY(expr) __builtin_expect(!!(expr), 1)
#define UNLIKELY(expr) __builtin_expect(!!(expr), 0)
#define U6A_COLD __attribute__((cold))
#define U6A_HOT __attribute__((hot))
#define U6A_NOT_REACHED() __builtin_unreachable()
#else
#define LIKELY(expr) (expr)
#define UNLIKELY(expr) (expr)
#define U6A_COLD
#define U6A_HOT
#define U6A_NOT_REACHED()
#endif
#ifdef __linux__
#include <linux/limits.h>
#else
#include <limits.h>
#endif
#define U6A_MAGIC 0xDC /* Latin 'U' with diaeresis */
#define U6A_VER_MAJOR 0x00
#define U6A_VER_MINOR 0x00
#define U6A_VER_PATCH 0x00
#endif

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/*
* defs.h - miscellaneous definitions
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifndef U6A_DEFS_H_
#define U6A_DEFS_H_
#include "common.h"
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#define U6A_TOKEN_FN_CHAR ( 1 << 6 )
#define U6A_TOKEN_FN_APP ( 1 << 5 )
enum u6a_token_fn {
u6a_tf_placeholder_,
u6a_tf_k, u6a_tf_s, u6a_tf_i, u6a_tf_v, u6a_tf_c, u6a_tf_d, u6a_tf_e,
u6a_tf_in, /* @ */
u6a_tf_pipe, /* | */
u6a_tf_out = U6A_TOKEN_FN_CHAR, /* . */
u6a_tf_cmp, /* ? */
u6a_tf_app = U6A_TOKEN_FN_APP /* ` */
};
struct u6a_token {
uint8_t fn;
uint8_t ch;
};
#define U6A_TOKEN(fn_, ch_) (struct u6a_token) { .fn = (fn_), .ch = (ch_) }
#define U6A_TOKEN_INIT_LEN ( 4 * 1024 )
#define U6A_TOKEN_MAX_LEN ( U6A_TOKEN_INIT_LEN * 1024 )
struct u6a_ast_node {
struct u6a_token value;
uint16_t reserved_;
uint32_t sibling; /* index of sibling when this is left child, otherwise 0 */
};
#define U6A_AN_FN(node) (node)->value.fn
#define U6A_AN_CH(node) (node)->value.ch
#define U6A_AN_LEFT(node) ( (node) + 1 )
#define U6A_AN_RIGHT(node, head) ( (head) + U6A_AN_LEFT(node)->sibling )
struct u6a_bc_header {
struct {
uint8_t magic; /* the "magic byte" for Unlambda bytecode files */
uint8_t ver_major;
uint8_t ver_minor;
uint8_t prog_header_size;
} file;
struct {
uint32_t text_size; /* length of text segment (Bytes) */
uint32_t rodata_size; /* length of rodata segment (Bytes) */
} prog;
};
#define U6A_BC_FILE_HEADER_SIZE sizeof(((struct u6a_bc_header*)NULL)->file)
#define U6A_BC_PROG_HEADER_SIZE sizeof(((struct u6a_bc_header*)NULL)->prog)
#endif

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/*
* lexer.c - Unlambda lexer
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "lexer.h"
#include "logging.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#define READ_CH() \
ch = fgetc(input_stream); \
if (UNLIKELY(ch == EOF)) { \
u6a_err_unexpected_eof(err_lex, fn); \
goto lex_failed; \
} \
if (LIKELY(isprint(ch) || ch == '\n')) { \
tokens[len].ch = ch; \
break; \
} \
u6a_err_unprintable_ch(err_lex, ch); \
goto lex_failed
static const char* err_lex = "lex error";
static const char* info_lex = "lex";
bool
u6a_lex(FILE* restrict input_stream, struct u6a_token** token_arr, uint32_t* token_len) {
uint32_t token_arr_size = U6A_TOKEN_INIT_LEN;
struct u6a_token* tokens = malloc(token_arr_size * sizeof(struct u6a_token));
if (UNLIKELY(tokens == NULL)) {
u6a_err_bad_alloc(err_lex, token_arr_size * sizeof(struct u6a_token));
return false;
}
int fn, ch;
uint32_t len = 0;
while (true) {
fn = fgetc(input_stream);
if (fn == '#') {
do {
fn = fgetc(input_stream);
} while (fn != EOF && fn != '\n');
}
if (UNLIKELY(fn == EOF)) {
break;
}
if (isspace(fn)) {
continue;
}
if (UNLIKELY(len >= token_arr_size)) {
token_arr_size *= 2;
if (token_arr_size > U6A_TOKEN_MAX_LEN) {
u6a_err_bad_alloc(err_lex, token_arr_size);
goto lex_failed;
}
struct u6a_token* new_tokens = realloc(tokens, token_arr_size * sizeof(struct u6a_token));
if (new_tokens == NULL) {
u6a_err_bad_alloc(err_lex, token_arr_size * sizeof(struct u6a_token));
goto lex_failed;
}
tokens = new_tokens;
}
switch (fn) {
case '`':
tokens[len].fn = u6a_tf_app;
break;
case 'S':
case 's':
tokens[len].fn = u6a_tf_s;
break;
case 'K':
case 'k':
tokens[len].fn = u6a_tf_k;
break;
case 'I':
case 'i':
tokens[len].fn = u6a_tf_i;
break;
case 'V':
case 'v':
tokens[len].fn = u6a_tf_v;
break;
case '.':
tokens[len].fn = u6a_tf_out;
READ_CH();
case 'R':
case 'r':
tokens[len] = U6A_TOKEN(u6a_tf_out, '\n');
break;
case 'C':
case 'c':
tokens[len].fn = u6a_tf_c;
break;
case 'D':
case 'd':
tokens[len].fn = u6a_tf_d;
break;
case '?':
tokens[len].fn = u6a_tf_cmp;
READ_CH();
case '@':
tokens[len].fn = u6a_tf_in;
break;
case '|':
tokens[len].fn = u6a_tf_pipe;
break;
case 'E':
case 'e':
tokens[len].fn = u6a_tf_e;
break;
default:
u6a_err_bad_ch(err_lex, fn);
lex_failed:
free(tokens);
return false;
}
++len;
}
*token_arr = tokens;
*token_len = len;
u6a_info_verbose(info_lex, "completed, %" PRIu32 " tokens total", len);
return true;
}

32
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/*
* lexer.h - Unlambda lexer definitions
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifndef U6A_LEXER_H_
#define U6A_LEXER_H_
#include "common.h"
#include "defs.h"
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
bool
u6a_lex(FILE* restrict input_stream, struct u6a_token** token_arr, uint32_t* token_len);
#endif

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/*
* logging.c - logging functions
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "logging.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#define E_UNEXPECTED_EOF_AFTER "%s: [%s] unexpected end of file after "
#define E_UNRECOGNIZABLE_CHAR "%s: [%s] unrecognizable character "
const char* prog_name;
bool verbose = false;
void
u6a_logging_init(const char* prog_name_) {
prog_name = prog_name_;
}
void
u6a_logging_verbose(bool verbose_) {
verbose = verbose_;
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_bad_alloc(const char* stage, size_t size) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: [%s] allocation failed - trying to allocate %zu bytes.\n", prog_name, stage, size);
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_unexpected_eof(const char* stage, int after) {
fprintf(stderr, E_UNEXPECTED_EOF_AFTER "'%c'.\n", prog_name, stage, (char)after);
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_unprintable_ch(const char* stage, int got) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s[%s]: printable character or '\\n' expected, 0x%02X given.\n", prog_name, stage, got);
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_bad_ch(const char* stage, int got) {
if (isprint(got)) {
fprintf(stderr, E_UNRECOGNIZABLE_CHAR "'%c'.\n", prog_name, stage, (char)got);
} else if (LIKELY(got == '\n')) {
fprintf(stderr, E_UNRECOGNIZABLE_CHAR "'\\n'.\n", prog_name, stage);
} else {
fprintf(stderr, E_UNRECOGNIZABLE_CHAR "0x%02X.\n", prog_name, stage, got);
}
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_bad_syntax(const char* stage) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: [%s] bad syntax.\n", prog_name, stage);
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_write_failed(const char* stage, size_t bytes, const char* filename) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: [%s] failed writing %zu bytes to %s.\n", prog_name, stage, bytes, filename);
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_path_too_long(const char* stage, size_t maximum, size_t given) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: [%s] file path too long. A maximum of %zu expected, %zu given.\n",
prog_name, stage, maximum, given);
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_no_input_file(const char* stage) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: [%s] no input file specified.\n", prog_name, stage);
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_custom(const char* stage, const char* err_message) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: [%s] %s.\n", prog_name, stage, err_message);
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_cannot_open_file(const char* stage, const char* filename) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: [%s] failed to open file %s.\n", prog_name, stage, filename);
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_stack_underflow(const char* stage, const char* description) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: [%s] stack underflow error, %s.\n", prog_name, stage, description);
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_invalid_uint(const char* stage, const char* str) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: [%s] \"%s\" is not a valid unsigned integer.\n", prog_name, stage, str);
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_uint_not_in_range(const char* stage, uint32_t min_val, uint32_t max_val, uint32_t got) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: [%s] Integer out of range - [%" PRIu32 ", %" PRIu32 "] expected, %" PRIu32 " given.",
prog_name, stage, min_val, max_val, got);
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_err_invalid_bc_file(const char* stage, const char* filename) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: [%s] %s is not a valid Unlambda bytecode file.\n", prog_name, stage, filename);
}
void
u6a_err_bad_bc_ver(const char* stage, const char* filename, int ver_major, int ver_minor) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: [%s] bytecode file %s version %d.%d is not compatible.\n",
prog_name, stage, filename, ver_major, ver_minor);
}
U6A_COLD void
u6a_info_verbose_(const char* format, ...) {
if (verbose) {
va_list args;
va_start(args, format);
vprintf(format, args);
va_end(args);
}
}
U6A_COLD const char*
u6a_logging_get_prog_name_() {
return prog_name;
}

89
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/*
* logging.h - logging functions definitions
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifndef U6A_LOGGING_H_
#define U6A_LOGGING_H_
#include "common.h"
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
void
u6a_logging_init(const char* prog_name);
void
u6a_logging_verbose(bool verbose);
void
u6a_err_bad_alloc(const char* stage, size_t size);
void
u6a_err_unexpected_eof(const char* stage, int after);
void
u6a_err_unprintable_ch(const char* stage, int got);
void
u6a_err_bad_ch(const char* stage, int got);
void
u6a_err_bad_syntax(const char* stage);
void
u6a_err_write_failed(const char* stage, size_t bytes, const char* filename);
void
u6a_err_path_too_long(const char* stage, size_t maximum, size_t given);
void
u6a_err_no_input_file(const char* stage);
void
u6a_err_custom(const char* stage, const char* err_message);
void
u6a_err_cannot_open_file(const char* stage, const char* filename);
void
u6a_err_stack_underflow(const char* stage, const char* description);
void
u6a_err_invalid_uint(const char* stage, const char* str);
void
u6a_err_uint_not_in_range(const char* stage, uint32_t min_val, uint32_t max_val, uint32_t got);
void
u6a_err_invalid_bc_file(const char* stage, const char* filename);
void
u6a_err_bad_bc_ver(const char* stage, const char* filename, int ver_major, int ver_minor);
void
u6a_info_verbose_(const char* format, ...);
const char*
u6a_logging_get_prog_name_();
#define u6a_info_verbose(stage, info_message, ...) \
u6a_info_verbose_("%s: [%s] " info_message ".\n", u6a_logging_get_prog_name_(), stage, ##__VA_ARGS__)
#endif

83
src/parser.c Normal file
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/*
* parser.c - Unlambda parser
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "parser.h"
#include "logging.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
static const char* err_parse = "parse error";
static const char* info_parse = "parse";
bool
u6a_parse(struct u6a_token* token_arr, uint32_t token_len, struct u6a_ast_node** ast_arr) {
const uint32_t ast_size = (token_len + 2) * sizeof(struct u6a_ast_node);
// The array stores the pre-order traversal of AST nodes
struct u6a_ast_node* ast = calloc(1, ast_size);
if (UNLIKELY(ast == NULL)) {
u6a_err_bad_alloc(err_parse, ast_size);
return false;
}
// Add an explicit `e` function as a guard, to ensure proper exit of the program.
U6A_AN_FN(ast) = u6a_tf_app;
U6A_AN_FN(U6A_AN_LEFT(ast)) = u6a_tf_e;
U6A_AN_LEFT(ast)->sibling = 2;
const uint32_t pstack_size = (token_len + 1) * sizeof(struct u6a_ast_node*);
struct u6a_ast_node** pstack = malloc(pstack_size);
if (UNLIKELY(pstack == NULL)) {
u6a_err_bad_alloc(err_parse, pstack_size);
goto parse_failed;
}
pstack[0] = ast;
uint32_t pstack_idx = 0;
// LL(0) parser
for (uint32_t token_idx = 0; token_idx < token_len; ++token_idx) {
struct u6a_token* current_token = token_arr + token_idx;
struct u6a_ast_node* child;
if (UNLIKELY(pstack_idx == UINT32_MAX)) {
u6a_err_bad_syntax(err_parse);
goto parse_failed;
}
struct u6a_ast_node* top = pstack[pstack_idx];
if (!U6A_AN_FN(U6A_AN_LEFT(top))) {
child = U6A_AN_LEFT(top);
} else {
U6A_AN_LEFT(top)->sibling = token_idx + 2;
child = U6A_AN_RIGHT(top, ast);
--pstack_idx;
}
child->value = *current_token;
if (current_token->fn == u6a_tf_app) {
pstack[++pstack_idx] = child;
}
}
if (UNLIKELY(pstack_idx != UINT32_MAX)) {
u6a_err_bad_syntax(err_parse);
goto parse_failed;
}
free(pstack);
*ast_arr = ast;
u6a_info_verbose(info_parse, "completed");
return true;
parse_failed:
free(pstack);
free(ast);
return false;
}

31
src/parser.h Normal file
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/*
* parser.h - Unlambda parser definitions
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifndef U6A_PARSER_H_
#define U6A_PARSER_H_
#include "common.h"
#include "defs.h"
#include <stdbool.h>
bool
u6a_parse(struct u6a_token* token_arr, uint32_t token_len, struct u6a_ast_node** ast_arr);
#endif

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/*
* runtime.c - Unlambda runtime
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "runtime.h"
#include "logging.h"
#include "vm_defs.h"
#include "vm_stack.h"
#include "vm_pool.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
static struct u6a_vm_ins* text;
static uint32_t text_len;
static char* rodata;
static uint32_t rodata_len;
static bool force_exec;
static const struct u6a_vm_ins text_subst[] = {
{ .opcode = u6a_vo_la },
{ .opcode = u6a_vo_xch },
{ .opcode = u6a_vo_la },
{ .opcode = u6a_vo_la },
{ .opcode = u6a_vo_la }
};
static const uint32_t text_subst_len = sizeof(text_subst) / sizeof(struct u6a_vm_ins);
static const char* err_runtime = "runtime error";
static const char* info_runtime = "runtime";
#define CHECK_BC_HEADER_VER(file_header) \
( (file_header).ver_major == U6A_VER_MAJOR && (file_header).ver_minor == U6A_VER_MINOR )
#define ACC_FN_REF(fn_, ref_) \
acc = U6A_VM_VAR_FN_REF(fn_, ref_); \
if (UNLIKELY(acc.ref == UINT32_MAX)) { \
goto runtime_error; \
}
#define CHECK_FORCE() \
if (!force_exec) { \
goto runtime_error; \
}
#define STACK_PUSH1(fn_0) \
if (UNLIKELY(!u6a_vm_stack_push1(fn_0))) { \
goto runtime_error; \
}
#define STACK_PUSH2(fn_0, fn_1) \
if (UNLIKELY(!u6a_vm_stack_push2(fn_0, fn_1))) { \
goto runtime_error; \
}
#define STACK_PUSH3(fn_0, fn_12) \
if (UNLIKELY(!u6a_vm_stack_push3(fn_0, fn_12))) { \
goto runtime_error; \
}
#define STACK_PUSH4(fn_0, fn_1, fn_23) \
if (UNLIKELY(!u6a_vm_stack_push4(fn_0, fn_1, fn_23))) { \
goto runtime_error; \
}
#define STACK_POP() \
u6a_vm_stack_top(); \
if (UNLIKELY(!u6a_vm_stack_pop())) { \
goto runtime_error; \
}
#define POOL_GET1(offset) \
u6a_vm_pool_get1(offset).fn; \
u6a_vm_pool_free(offset)
#define POOL_GET2(offset) \
u6a_vm_pool_get2(offset); \
u6a_vm_pool_free(offset)
static inline bool
read_bc_header(struct u6a_bc_header* restrict header, FILE* restrict input_stream) {
int ch;
do {
ch = fgetc(input_stream);
if (UNLIKELY(ch == EOF)) {
return false;
}
} while (ch != U6A_MAGIC);
if (UNLIKELY(ch != ungetc(ch, input_stream))) {
return false;
}
if (UNLIKELY(1 != fread(&header->file, U6A_BC_FILE_HEADER_SIZE, 1, input_stream))) {
return false;
}
if (LIKELY(header->file.prog_header_size >= U6A_BC_FILE_HEADER_SIZE)) {
return 1 == fread(&header->prog, header->file.prog_header_size, 1, input_stream);
}
return true;
}
static inline void
vm_var_fn_free(struct u6a_vm_var_fn var) {
if (var.token.fn & U6A_VM_FN_REF) {
u6a_vm_pool_free(var.ref);
}
}
bool
u6a_runtime_info(FILE* restrict input_stream, const char* file_name) {
struct u6a_bc_header header;
if (UNLIKELY(read_bc_header(&header, input_stream))) {
u6a_err_invalid_bc_file(err_runtime, file_name);
return false;
}
printf("Version: %d.%d.X\n", header.file.ver_major, header.file.ver_minor);
if (LIKELY(CHECK_BC_HEADER_VER(header.file))) {
if (LIKELY(header.file.prog_header_size == U6A_BC_FILE_HEADER_SIZE)) {
printf("Size of section .text (bytes): 0x%08X\n", ntohl(header.prog.text_size));
printf("Size of section .rodata (bytes): 0x%08X\n", ntohl(header.prog.rodata_size));
} else {
printf("Program header unrecognizable (%d bytes)", header.file.prog_header_size);
}
}
return true;
}
bool
u6a_runtime_init(struct u6a_runtime_options* options) {
struct u6a_bc_header header;
if (UNLIKELY(read_bc_header(&header, options->istream))) {
u6a_err_invalid_bc_file(err_runtime, options->file_name);
return false;
}
if (UNLIKELY(CHECK_BC_HEADER_VER(header.file))) {
if (!options->force_exec || header.file.prog_header_size != U6A_BC_FILE_HEADER_SIZE) {
u6a_err_bad_bc_ver(err_runtime, options->file_name, header.file.ver_major, header.file.ver_minor);
return false;
}
}
text = malloc(header.prog.text_size + sizeof(text_subst));
if (UNLIKELY(text == NULL)) {
u6a_err_bad_alloc(err_runtime, header.prog.text_size + sizeof(text_subst));
return false;
}
text_len = header.prog.text_size / sizeof(struct u6a_vm_ins);
rodata = malloc(header.prog.rodata_size);
if (UNLIKELY(rodata == NULL)) {
u6a_err_bad_alloc(err_runtime, header.prog.rodata_size);
free(text);
return false;
}
rodata_len = header.prog.rodata_size / sizeof(char);
memcpy(text, text_subst, sizeof(text_subst));
if (UNLIKELY(text_len != fread(text + text_subst_len, sizeof(struct u6a_vm_ins), text_len, options->istream))) {
goto runtime_init_failed;
}
if (UNLIKELY(rodata_len != fread(rodata, sizeof(char), rodata_len, options->istream))) {
goto runtime_init_failed;
}
if (UNLIKELY(!u6a_vm_stack_init(options->stack_segment_size))) {
goto runtime_init_failed;
}
if (UNLIKELY(!u6a_vm_pool_init(options->pool_size, text_len))) {
goto runtime_init_failed;
}
for (struct u6a_vm_ins* ins = text + text_subst_len; ins < text + text_len; ++ins) {
if (ins->opcode & U6A_VM_OP_OFFSET) {
ins->operand.offset = ntohl(ins->operand.offset);
}
}
force_exec = options->force_exec;
return true;
runtime_init_failed:
u6a_runtime_destroy();
return false;
}
U6A_HOT union u6a_vm_var
u6a_runtime_execute(FILE* restrict istream, FILE* restrict ostream) {
struct u6a_vm_var_fn acc;
struct u6a_vm_ins* ins = text + text_subst_len;
int current_char = EOF;
struct u6a_vm_var_fn func, arg;
struct u6a_vm_var_tuple tuple;
void* ptr;
while (true) {
switch (ins->opcode) {
case u6a_vo_app:
if (ins->operand.fn.first.fn) {
func.token = ins->operand.fn.first;
} else {
func = acc;
}
if (ins->operand.fn.second.fn) {
arg.token = ins->operand.fn.second;
} else {
arg = acc;
}
goto do_apply;
case u6a_vo_la:
func = STACK_POP();
arg = acc;
do_apply:
switch (func.token.fn) {
case u6a_vf_s:
ACC_FN_REF(u6a_vf_s1, u6a_vm_pool_alloc1(arg));
break;
case u6a_vf_s1:
ACC_FN_REF(u6a_vf_s2, u6a_vm_pool_fill2(func.ref, arg));
break;
ACC_FN_REF(u6a_vf_d1_c, u6a_vm_pool_alloc1(arg));
case u6a_vf_s2:
if (ins++ - text == 0x03) {
STACK_PUSH3(arg, u6a_vm_pool_get2(func.ref));
} else {
STACK_PUSH4(U6A_VM_VAR_FN_REF(u6a_vf_j, ins - text), arg, u6a_vm_pool_get2(func.ref));
}
u6a_vm_pool_free(func.ref);
ins = text;
goto do_apply;
case u6a_vf_k:
ACC_FN_REF(u6a_vf_k1, u6a_vm_pool_alloc1(arg));
break;
case u6a_vf_k1:
vm_var_fn_free(arg);
acc = POOL_GET1(func.ref);
break;
case u6a_vf_i:
acc = arg;
break;
case u6a_vf_out:
acc = arg;
// May fail to print, but we don't care
fputc(func.token.ch, ostream);
break;
case u6a_vf_j:
acc = arg;
ins = text + func.ref;
continue;
case u6a_vf_f:
// Safe to assign IP here before jumping, as func won't be `j` or `f`
ins = text + func.ref;
func = acc;
// The `s2` function incremenets IP before pushing `j`, so decrement IP here
if (func.token.fn = u6a_vf_s2) {
--ins;
}
arg = STACK_POP();
goto do_apply;
case u6a_vf_c:
ptr = u6a_vm_stack_save();
if (UNLIKELY(ptr == NULL)) {
goto runtime_error;
}
ACC_FN_REF(u6a_vf_c1, u6a_vm_pool_alloc2_ptr(ptr, ins));
break;
case u6a_vf_d:
ACC_FN_REF(u6a_vf_d1_c, u6a_vm_pool_alloc1(arg));
break;
case u6a_vf_c1:
tuple = POOL_GET2(func.ref);
u6a_vm_stack_resume(tuple.v1.ptr);
ins = tuple.v2.ptr;
acc = arg;
break;
case u6a_vf_d1_c:
func = POOL_GET1(func.ref);
goto do_apply;
case u6a_vf_d1_s: ;
tuple = POOL_GET2(func.ref);
STACK_PUSH1(tuple.v1.fn);
acc = tuple.v2.fn;
ins = text + 0x03;
continue;
case u6a_vf_d1_d:
STACK_PUSH2(arg, U6A_VM_VAR_FN_REF(u6a_vf_f, ins - text));
ins = text + func.ref;
continue;
case u6a_vf_v:
vm_var_fn_free(arg);
acc.token.fn = u6a_vf_v;
break;
case u6a_vf_p:
acc = arg;
fputs(rodata + func.ref, ostream);
break;
case u6a_vf_in:
current_char = fgetc(istream);
func = arg;
arg.token.fn = current_char == EOF ? u6a_vf_v : u6a_vf_i;
goto do_apply;
case u6a_vf_cmp:
acc = func;
func = arg;
arg.token.fn = acc.token.ch == current_char ? u6a_vf_i : u6a_vf_v;
goto do_apply;
case u6a_vf_pipe:
func = arg;
if (UNLIKELY(current_char == EOF)) {
arg.token.fn = u6a_vf_v;acc = u6a_vm_stack_xch(acc);
} else {
arg.token = U6A_TOKEN(u6a_vf_out, current_char);
}
goto do_apply;
case u6a_vf_e:
// Every program should terminate with explicit `e` function
return U6A_VM_VAR_FN(arg);
default:
CHECK_FORCE();
}
break;
case u6a_vo_sa:
if (acc.token.fn == u6a_vf_d) {
goto delay;
}
STACK_PUSH1(acc);
break;
case u6a_vo_xch:
if (acc.token.fn == u6a_vf_d) {
func = STACK_POP();
arg = STACK_POP();
ACC_FN_REF(u6a_vf_d1_s, u6a_vm_pool_alloc2(func, arg));
} else {
acc = u6a_vm_stack_xch(acc);
}
break;
case u6a_vo_del:
delay:
acc = U6A_VM_VAR_FN_REF(u6a_vf_d1_d, ins + 1 - text);
ins = text + ins->operand.offset;
continue;
case u6a_vo_lc:
switch (ins->opcode_ex) {
case u6a_vo_ex_print:
acc = U6A_VM_VAR_FN_REF(u6a_vf_p, ins->operand.offset);
break;
default:
CHECK_FORCE();
}
break;
default:
CHECK_FORCE();
}
++ins;
}
runtime_error:
return U6A_VM_VAR_PTR(NULL);
}
void
u6a_runtime_destroy() {
free(text);
free(rodata);
text = NULL;
rodata = NULL;
}

49
src/runtime.h Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
/*
* runtime.h - Unlambda runtime definitions
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifndef U6A_RUNTIME_H_
#define U6A_RUNTIME_H_
#include "common.h"
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
struct u6a_runtime_options {
FILE* istream;
char* file_name;
uint32_t stack_segment_size;
uint32_t pool_size;
bool force_exec;
};
bool
u6a_runtime_info(FILE* restrict istream, const char* file_name);
bool
u6a_runtime_init(struct u6a_runtime_options* options);
union u6a_vm_var
u6a_runtime_execute(FILE* restrict istream, FILE* restrict output_stream);
void
u6a_runtime_destroy();
#endif

166
src/u6a.c Normal file
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/*
* u6a.c - Unlambda runtime CLI
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "logging.h"
#include "vm_defs.h"
#include "runtime.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <errno.h>
#define EC_ERR_OPTIONS 1
#define EC_ERR_INIT 2
#define EC_ERR_RUNTIME 3
#define PARSE_UINT_OPT(opt, min_val, max_val) \
errno = 0; \
(opt) = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10); \
if (UNLIKELY(errno)) { \
u6a_err_invalid_uint(err_toplevel, optarg); \
return false; \
} \
if (UNLIKELY((opt) < (min_val) || (opt) > (max_val))) { \
u6a_err_uint_not_in_range(err_toplevel, min_val, max_val, opt); \
return false; \
}
struct arg_options {
struct u6a_runtime_options runtime;
bool print_info;
bool print_only;
};
static const char* err_toplevel = "error";
static const char* info_toplevel = "info";
static void
arg_options_destroy(struct arg_options* options) {
if (options->runtime.istream && options->runtime.istream != stdin) {
fclose(options->runtime.istream);
}
}
static bool
process_options(struct arg_options* options, int argc, char** argv) {
static const struct option long_opts[] = {
{ "stack-segment-size", required_argument, NULL, 's' },
{ "pool-size", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
{ "info", no_argument, NULL, 'i' },
{ "force", no_argument, NULL, 'f' },
{ "help", no_argument, NULL, 'H' },
{ "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
{ 0, 0, 0, 0 }
};
options->runtime.stack_segment_size = U6A_VM_DEFAULT_STACK_SEGMENT_SIZE;
options->runtime.pool_size = U6A_VM_DEFAULT_POOL_SIZE;
options->print_info = false;
while (true) {
int result = getopt_long(argc, argv, "s:p:ifHV", long_opts, NULL);
if (result == -1) {
break;
}
switch (result) {
case 's':
PARSE_UINT_OPT(options->runtime.stack_segment_size,
U6A_VM_MIN_STACK_SEGMENT_SIZE, U6A_VM_MAX_STACK_SEGMENT_SIZE);
break;
case 'p':
PARSE_UINT_OPT(options->runtime.pool_size, U6A_VM_MIN_POOL_SIZE, U6A_VM_MAX_POOL_SIZE);
break;
case 'i':
options->print_info = true;
break;
case 'f':
options->runtime.force_exec = true;
break;
case 'H':
printf("Usage: u6a [options] bytecode-file\n\n"
"Runtime for the Unlambda programming language.\n"
"See \"man u6a\" for details.\n");
options->print_only = true;
break;
case 'v':
printf("%d.%d.%d\n", U6A_VER_MAJOR, U6A_VER_MINOR, U6A_VER_PATCH);
options->print_only = true;
break;
case '?':
return false;
default:
U6A_NOT_REACHED();
}
}
if (UNLIKELY(options->print_only)) {
return true;
}
if (UNLIKELY(optind == argc)) {
u6a_err_no_input_file(err_toplevel);
return false;
}
options->runtime.file_name = argv[optind];
uint32_t file_name_size = strlen(options->runtime.file_name);
if (file_name_size == 1 && options->runtime.file_name[0] == '-') {
options->runtime.istream = stdin;
options->runtime.file_name = "STDIN";
} else if (UNLIKELY(file_name_size > PATH_MAX - 1)) {
u6a_err_path_too_long(err_toplevel, PATH_MAX - 1, file_name_size);
return false;
} else {
options->runtime.istream = fopen(options->runtime.file_name, "r");
if (options->runtime.istream == NULL) {
u6a_err_cannot_open_file(err_toplevel, options->runtime.file_name);
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
struct arg_options options = { 0 };
int exit_code = 0;
u6a_logging_init(argv[0]);
if (UNLIKELY(!process_options(&options, argc, argv))) {
exit_code = EC_ERR_OPTIONS;
goto terminate;
}
if (options.print_only) {
goto terminate;
}
if (options.print_info) {
if (UNLIKELY(!u6a_runtime_info(options.runtime.istream, options.runtime.file_name))) {
exit_code = EC_ERR_INIT;
}
goto terminate;
}
if (UNLIKELY(!u6a_runtime_init(&options.runtime))) {
exit_code = EC_ERR_INIT;
goto terminate;
}
union u6a_vm_var exec_result = u6a_runtime_execute(stdin, stdout);
if (UNLIKELY(exec_result.ptr == NULL)) {
exit_code = EC_ERR_RUNTIME;
goto terminate;
}
terminate:
u6a_runtime_destroy();
arg_options_destroy(&options);
return exit_code;
}

226
src/u6ac.c Normal file
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/*
* u6ac.c - Unlambda compiler CLI
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "logging.h"
#include "lexer.h"
#include "parser.h"
#include "codegen.h"
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <string.h>
#define EC_ERR_OPTIONS 1
#define EC_ERR_LEX 2
#define EC_ERR_PARSE 3
#define EC_ERR_CODEGEN 4
struct arg_options {
FILE* input_file;
char* input_file_name;
FILE* output_file;
char* output_file_prefix;
char* output_file_name;
bool optimize_const;
bool print_only;
};
static const char* err_toplevel = "error";
static const char* info_toplevel = "info";
static void
arg_options_destroy(struct arg_options* options, bool delete_output_file) {
if (options->input_file && options->input_file != stdin) {
fclose(options->input_file);
}
const bool not_using_stdout = options->output_file != stdout;
if (options->output_file && not_using_stdout) {
fclose(options->output_file);
}
if (delete_output_file && not_using_stdout && options->output_file_name) {
remove(options->output_file_name);
}
}
static bool
process_options(struct arg_options* options, int argc, char** argv) {
static const struct option long_opts[] = {
{ "out-file", required_argument, NULL, 'o' },
{ "add-prefix", optional_argument, NULL, 'p' },
{ "verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v' },
{ "syntax-only", no_argument, NULL, 's' },
{ "help", no_argument, NULL, 'H' },
{ "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
{ 0, 0, 0, 0 }
};
options->optimize_const = false;
bool syntax_only = false;
bool verbose = false;
char optimize_level;
while (true) {
int result = getopt_long(argc, argv, "o:O::vHV", long_opts, NULL);
if (result == -1) {
break;
}
switch (result) {
case 'o':
if (UNLIKELY(options->output_file_name)) {
break;
}
options->output_file_name = optarg;
break;
case 'O':
optimize_level = optarg ? optarg[0] : '1';
if (optimize_level > '0') {
options->optimize_const = true;
}
case 'p':
if (UNLIKELY(options->output_file_prefix)) {
break;
}
options->output_file_prefix = optarg ? optarg : "#!/usr/bin/env u6a\n";
break;
case 'v':
verbose = true;
break;
case 's':
syntax_only = true;
break;
case 'H':
printf("Usage: u6ac [options] source-file\n\n"
"Bytecode compiler for the Unlambda programming language.\n"
"See \"man u6ac\" for details.\n");
options->print_only = true;
break;
case 'V':
printf("%d.%d.%d\n", U6A_VER_MAJOR, U6A_VER_MINOR, U6A_VER_PATCH);
options->print_only = true;
break;
case '?':
return false;
default:
U6A_NOT_REACHED();
}
}
if (UNLIKELY(options->print_only)) {
return true;
}
// Input file
if (UNLIKELY(optind == argc)) {
u6a_err_no_input_file(err_toplevel);
return false;
}
options->input_file_name = argv[optind];
uint32_t file_name_size = strlen(options->input_file_name);
if (file_name_size == 1 && options->input_file_name[0] == '-') {
options->input_file = stdin;
options->input_file_name = "STDIN";
} else if (UNLIKELY(file_name_size > PATH_MAX - 1)) {
u6a_err_path_too_long(err_toplevel, PATH_MAX - 1, file_name_size);
return false;
} else {
options->input_file = fopen(options->input_file_name, "r");
if (options->input_file == NULL) {
u6a_err_cannot_open_file(err_toplevel, options->input_file_name);
return false;
}
}
// Output file
if (syntax_only) {
if (UNLIKELY(options->output_file_name)) {
options->output_file_name = NULL;
}
} else {
if (options->output_file_name == NULL) {
if (options->input_file == stdin) {
goto write_to_stdout;
} else {
if (UNLIKELY(file_name_size + 3 > PATH_MAX - 1)) {
u6a_err_path_too_long(err_toplevel, PATH_MAX - 1, file_name_size + 3);
return false;
}
options->output_file_name = malloc((file_name_size + 4) * sizeof(char));
strcpy(options->output_file_name, options->input_file_name);
strcpy(options->output_file_name + file_name_size, ".bc\0");
}
} else if (strlen(options->output_file_name) == 1 && options->output_file_name[0] == '-') {
write_to_stdout:
if (verbose) {
u6a_err_custom(err_toplevel, "cannot write to STDOUT on verbose mode");
return false;
}
options->output_file = stdout;
options->output_file_name = "STDOUT";
}
if (options->output_file == NULL) {
options->output_file = fopen(options->output_file_name, "w");
if (options->output_file == NULL) {
u6a_err_cannot_open_file(err_toplevel, options->output_file_name);
return false;
}
}
}
u6a_logging_verbose(verbose);
return true;
}
int
main(int argc, char** argv) {
struct arg_options options = { 0 };
struct u6a_token* token_arr = 0;
struct u6a_ast_node* ast_arr = 0;
int exit_code = 0;
u6a_logging_init(argv[0]);
if (UNLIKELY(!process_options(&options, argc, argv))) {
exit_code = EC_ERR_OPTIONS;
goto terminate;
}
if (UNLIKELY(options.print_only)) {
goto terminate;
}
u6a_info_verbose(info_toplevel, "reading source code from %s", options.input_file_name);
uint32_t token_len;
if (UNLIKELY(!u6a_lex(options.input_file, &token_arr, &token_len))) {
exit_code = EC_ERR_LEX;
goto terminate;
}
if (UNLIKELY(!u6a_parse(token_arr, token_len, &ast_arr))) {
exit_code = EC_ERR_PARSE;
goto terminate;
}
if (UNLIKELY(options.output_file == NULL)) {
goto terminate;
}
u6a_codegen_init(options.output_file, options.output_file_name, options.optimize_const);
if (UNLIKELY(!u6a_write_prefix(options.output_file_prefix))) {
exit_code = EC_ERR_CODEGEN;
goto terminate;
}
if (UNLIKELY(!u6a_codegen(ast_arr, token_len + 2))) {
exit_code = EC_ERR_CODEGEN;
goto terminate;
}
terminate:
arg_options_destroy(&options, exit_code);
free(token_arr);
free(ast_arr);
return exit_code;
}

114
src/vm_defs.h Normal file
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/*
* vm_defs.h - Unlambda VM definitions
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifndef U6A_VM_DEFS_H_
#define U6A_VM_DEFS_H_
#include "common.h"
#include "defs.h"
#define U6A_VM_OP_APPLY ( 1 << 4 )
#define U6A_VM_OP_OFFSET ( 1 << 5 )
#define U6A_VM_OP_EXTENTED ( 1 << 6 )
#define U6A_VM_OP_INTERNAL ( 1 << 7 )
enum u6a_vm_opcode {
u6a_vo_placeholder_,
u6a_vo_app = U6A_VM_OP_APPLY,
u6a_vo_la,
u6a_vo_sa = U6A_VM_OP_OFFSET,
u6a_vo_del,
u6a_vo_lc = U6A_VM_OP_OFFSET | U6A_VM_OP_EXTENTED,
u6a_vo_xch = U6A_VM_OP_INTERNAL
};
#define U6A_VM_OP_EX_LC ( 1 << 4 )
enum u6a_vm_opcode_ex {
u6a_vo_ex_placeholder_,
u6a_vo_ex_print = U6A_VM_OP_EX_LC
};
#define U6A_VM_FN_CHAR ( 1 << 4 )
#define U6A_VM_FN_REF ( 1 << 5 )
#define U6A_VM_FN_PROMISE ( 1 << 6 )
#define U6A_VM_FN_INTERNAL ( 1 << 7 )
enum u6a_vm_fn {
u6a_vf_placeholder_,
u6a_vf_k, u6a_vf_s, u6a_vf_i, u6a_vf_v, u6a_vf_c, u6a_vf_d, u6a_vf_e,
u6a_vf_in, /* @ */
u6a_vf_pipe, /* | */
u6a_vf_out = U6A_VM_FN_CHAR, /* .X */
u6a_vf_cmp, /* ?X */
u6a_vf_k1 = U6A_VM_FN_REF, /* `kX */
u6a_vf_s1, /* `sX */
u6a_vf_s2, /* ``sXY */
u6a_vf_c1, /* `cX */
u6a_vf_d1_s = U6A_VM_FN_PROMISE, /* `d`XZ */
u6a_vf_d1_c, /* `dX */
u6a_vf_d1_d, /* `dF */
u6a_vf_j = U6A_VM_FN_INTERNAL, /* (jump) */
u6a_vf_f, /* (finalize) */
u6a_vf_p /* (print) */
};
struct u6a_vm_ins {
uint8_t opcode;
uint8_t opcode_ex;
uint16_t reserved_;
union {
uint32_t offset;
struct {
struct u6a_token first;
struct u6a_token second;
} fn;
} operand;
};
struct u6a_vm_var_fn {
struct u6a_token token;
uint16_t reserved_;
uint32_t ref;
};
#define U6A_VM_VAR_FN_REF(fn_, ref_) (struct u6a_vm_var_fn) { .token.fn = (fn_), .ref = (ref_) }
union u6a_vm_var {
struct u6a_vm_var_fn fn;
void* ptr;
};
#define U6A_VM_VAR_FN(fn_) (union u6a_vm_var) { .fn = fn_ }
#define U6A_VM_VAR_PTR(ptr_) (union u6a_vm_var) { .ptr = ptr_ }
struct u6a_vm_var_tuple {
union u6a_vm_var v1;
union u6a_vm_var v2;
};
#define U6A_VM_DEFAULT_STACK_SEGMENT_SIZE 256
#define U6A_VM_MIN_STACK_SEGMENT_SIZE 64
#define U6A_VM_MAX_STACK_SEGMENT_SIZE ( 1024 * 1024 )
#define U6A_VM_DEFAULT_POOL_SIZE ( 1024 * 1024 )
#define U6A_VM_MIN_POOL_SIZE 16
#define U6A_VM_MAX_POOL_SIZE ( 16 * 1024 * 1024 )
#endif

206
src/vm_pool.c Normal file
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/*
* vm_pool.c - Unlambda VM object pool
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "vm_pool.h"
#include "vm_stack.h"
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
struct vm_pool_elem {
struct u6a_vm_var_tuple values;
uint32_t refcnt;
uint32_t flags;
};
#define POOL_ELEM_HOLDS_PTR ( 1 << 0 )
struct vm_pool {
uint32_t pos;
struct vm_pool_elem elems[];
};
struct vm_pool_elem_ptrs {
uint32_t pos;
struct vm_pool_elem* elems[];
};
static struct vm_pool* active_pool;
static struct vm_pool_elem_ptrs* holes;
static uint32_t pool_len;
static struct vm_pool_elem** fstack;
static uint32_t fstack_len;
static uint32_t fstack_top;
static inline struct vm_pool_elem*
vm_pool_elem_alloc() {
struct vm_pool_elem* new_elem;
if (holes->pos == UINT32_MAX) {
if (UNLIKELY(++active_pool->pos >= pool_len)) {
return NULL;
}
new_elem = active_pool->elems + active_pool->pos;
} else {
new_elem = holes->elems[holes->pos--];
}
new_elem->refcnt = 1;
return new_elem;
}
static inline struct vm_pool_elem*
vm_pool_elem_dup(struct vm_pool_elem* elem) {
struct vm_pool_elem* new_elem = vm_pool_elem_alloc();
if (UNLIKELY(new_elem == NULL)) {
return NULL;
}
*new_elem = *elem;
return new_elem;
}
static inline void
free_stack_push(union u6a_vm_var var) {
if (var.fn.token.fn & U6A_VM_FN_REF) {
fstack[++fstack_top] = active_pool->elems + var.fn.ref;
}
}
static inline struct vm_pool_elem*
free_stack_pop() {
if (fstack_top == UINT32_MAX) {
return NULL;
}
return fstack[--fstack_top];
}
bool
u6a_vm_pool_init(uint32_t pool_len_, uint32_t ins_len) {
const uint32_t pool_size = sizeof(struct vm_pool) + pool_len * sizeof(struct vm_pool_elem);
active_pool = malloc(pool_size);
if (UNLIKELY(active_pool == NULL)) {
return false;
}
const uint32_t holes_size = sizeof(struct vm_pool_elem_ptrs) + pool_len * sizeof(struct vm_pool_elem*);
holes = malloc(holes_size);
if (UNLIKELY(active_pool == NULL)) {
free(active_pool);
return false;
}
const uint32_t free_stack_size = fstack_len * sizeof(struct vm_pool_elem*);
fstack = malloc(free_stack_size);
if (UNLIKELY(active_pool == NULL)) {
free(active_pool);
free(holes);
return false;
}
active_pool->pos = UINT32_MAX;
holes->pos = UINT32_MAX;
pool_len = pool_len_;
fstack_len = ins_len;
return true;
}
U6A_HOT uint32_t
u6a_vm_pool_alloc1(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v1) {
struct vm_pool_elem* elem = vm_pool_elem_alloc();
if (UNLIKELY(elem == NULL)) {
return UINT32_MAX;
}
elem->values.v1.fn = v1;
elem->flags = 0;
return elem - active_pool->elems;
}
U6A_HOT uint32_t
u6a_vm_pool_fill2(uint32_t offset, struct u6a_vm_var_fn v2) {
struct vm_pool_elem* elem = active_pool->elems + offset;
if (elem->refcnt == 1) {
elem->values.v2.fn = v2;
elem->flags = 0;
return offset;
} else {
elem = vm_pool_elem_dup(elem);
if (UNLIKELY(elem == NULL)) {
return UINT32_MAX;
}
elem->values.v2.fn = v2;
elem->flags = 0;
return elem - active_pool->elems;
}
}
U6A_HOT uint32_t
u6a_vm_pool_alloc2(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v1, struct u6a_vm_var_fn v2) {
struct vm_pool_elem* elem = vm_pool_elem_alloc();
if (UNLIKELY(elem == NULL)) {
return UINT32_MAX;
}
elem = &(struct vm_pool_elem) {
.values = { .v1.fn = v1, .v2.fn = v2 },
.flags = 0
};
return elem - active_pool->elems;
}
U6A_HOT uint32_t
u6a_vm_pool_alloc2_ptr(void* v1, void* v2) {
struct vm_pool_elem* elem = vm_pool_elem_alloc();
if (UNLIKELY(elem == NULL)) {
return UINT32_MAX;
}
elem = &(struct vm_pool_elem) {
.values = { .v1.ptr = v1, .v2.ptr = v2 },
.flags = POOL_ELEM_HOLDS_PTR
};
return elem - active_pool->elems;
}
U6A_HOT union u6a_vm_var
u6a_vm_pool_get1(uint32_t offset) {
return (active_pool->elems + offset)->values.v1;
}
U6A_HOT struct u6a_vm_var_tuple
u6a_vm_pool_get2(uint32_t offset) {
return (active_pool->elems + offset)->values;
}
U6A_HOT void
u6a_vm_pool_free(uint32_t offset) {
struct vm_pool_elem* elem = active_pool->elems;
fstack_top = UINT32_MAX;
do {
if (--elem->refcnt == 0) {
holes->elems[holes->pos] = elem;
if (elem->flags & POOL_ELEM_HOLDS_PTR) {
// Continuation destroyed before used
u6a_vm_stack_discard(elem->values.v1.ptr);
} else {
free_stack_push(elem->values.v1);
free_stack_push(elem->values.v2);
}
}
} while (elem = free_stack_pop());
}
void
u6a_vm_pool_destroy() {
free(active_pool);
free(holes);
free(fstack);
}

56
src/vm_pool.h Normal file
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/*
* vm_pool.h - Unlambda VM object pool definitions
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifndef U6A_VM_POOL_H_
#define U6A_VM_POOL_H_
#include "common.h"
#include "vm_defs.h"
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
bool
u6a_vm_pool_init(uint32_t pool_len, uint32_t ins_len);
uint32_t
u6a_vm_pool_alloc1(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v1);
uint32_t
u6a_vm_pool_fill2(uint32_t offset, struct u6a_vm_var_fn v2);
uint32_t
u6a_vm_pool_alloc2(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v1, struct u6a_vm_var_fn v2);
uint32_t
u6a_vm_pool_alloc2_ptr(void* v1, void* v2);
union u6a_vm_var
u6a_vm_pool_get1(uint32_t offset);
struct u6a_vm_var_tuple
u6a_vm_pool_get2(uint32_t offset);
void
u6a_vm_pool_free(uint32_t offset);
void
u6a_vm_pool_destroy();
#endif

227
src/vm_stack.c Normal file
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/*
* vm_stack.c - Unlambda VM segmented stacks
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "vm_stack.h"
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
struct vm_stack {
struct vm_stack* prev;
uint32_t top;
uint32_t refcnt;
struct u6a_vm_var_fn elems[];
};
static struct vm_stack* active_stack;
static uint32_t stack_seg_len;
static inline struct vm_stack*
vm_stack_create(struct vm_stack* prev, uint32_t top) {
const uint32_t size = sizeof(struct vm_stack) + stack_seg_len * sizeof(union u6a_vm_var);
struct vm_stack* vs = malloc(size);
if (UNLIKELY(vs == NULL)) {
return NULL;
}
return vs = &(struct vm_stack) {
.prev = prev,
.top = top,
.refcnt = 1
};
}
static inline struct vm_stack*
vm_stack_dup() {
struct vm_stack* vs = active_stack;
const uint32_t size = sizeof(struct vm_stack) + stack_seg_len * sizeof(union u6a_vm_var);
struct vm_stack* dup_stack = malloc(size);
if (UNLIKELY(dup_stack == NULL)) {
return NULL;
}
memcpy(dup_stack, vs, sizeof(struct vm_stack) + (vs->top + 1) * sizeof(union u6a_vm_var));
dup_stack->refcnt = 1;
return dup_stack;
}
static inline void
vm_stack_free(struct vm_stack* vs) {
struct vm_stack* prev;
do {
prev = vs->prev;
if (--vs->refcnt == 0) {
free(vs);
} else {
break;
}
} while (prev);
}
bool
u6a_vm_stack_init(uint32_t stack_seg_len_) {
active_stack = vm_stack_create(NULL, UINT32_MAX);
stack_seg_len = stack_seg_len_;
return active_stack != NULL;
}
U6A_HOT struct u6a_vm_var_fn
u6a_vm_stack_top() {
struct vm_stack* vs = active_stack;
if (UNLIKELY(vs->top == UINT32_MAX)) {
vs = vs->prev;
if (UNLIKELY(vs == NULL)) {
return (struct u6a_vm_var_fn) { 0 };
}
active_stack = vs;
}
return vs->elems[vs->top];
}
// Boilerplates below. If only we have C++ templates here... (macros just make things nastier)
U6A_HOT bool
u6a_vm_stack_push1(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v0) {
struct vm_stack* vs = active_stack;
if (LIKELY(vs->top + 1 < stack_seg_len)) {
vs->elems[++vs->top] = v0;
return true;
}
active_stack = vm_stack_create(vs, 0);
if (UNLIKELY(active_stack == NULL)) {
active_stack = vs;
return false;
}
++vs->refcnt;
active_stack->elems[0] = v0;
return true;
}
U6A_HOT bool
u6a_vm_stack_push2(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v0, struct u6a_vm_var_fn v1) {
struct vm_stack* vs = active_stack;
if (LIKELY(vs->top + 2 < stack_seg_len)) {
vs->elems[++vs->top] = v0;
vs->elems[++vs->top] = v1;
return true;
}
active_stack = vm_stack_create(vs, 1);
if (UNLIKELY(active_stack == NULL)) {
active_stack = vs;
return false;
}
++vs->refcnt;
active_stack->elems[0] = v0;
active_stack->elems[1] = v1;
return true;
}
U6A_HOT bool
u6a_vm_stack_push3(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v0, struct u6a_vm_var_tuple v12) {
struct vm_stack* vs = active_stack;
if (LIKELY(vs->top + 3 < stack_seg_len)) {
vs->elems[++vs->top] = v0;
vs->elems[++vs->top] = v12.v2.fn;
vs->elems[++vs->top] = v12.v1.fn;
return true;
}
active_stack = vm_stack_create(vs, 2);
if (UNLIKELY(active_stack == NULL)) {
active_stack = vs;
return false;
}
++vs->refcnt;
active_stack->elems[0] = v0;
active_stack->elems[1] = v12.v2.fn;
active_stack->elems[2] = v12.v1.fn;
return true;
}
U6A_HOT bool
u6a_vm_stack_push4(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v0, struct u6a_vm_var_fn v1, struct u6a_vm_var_tuple v23) {
struct vm_stack* vs = active_stack;
if (LIKELY(vs->top + 4 < stack_seg_len)) {
vs->elems[++vs->top] = v0;
vs->elems[++vs->top] = v1;
vs->elems[++vs->top] = v23.v2.fn;
vs->elems[++vs->top] = v23.v1.fn;
return true;
}
active_stack = vm_stack_create(vs, 3);
if (UNLIKELY(active_stack == NULL)) {
active_stack = vs;
return false;
}
++vs->refcnt;
active_stack->elems[0] = v0;
active_stack->elems[1] = v1;
active_stack->elems[2] = v23.v2.fn;
active_stack->elems[3] = v23.v1.fn;
return true;
}
U6A_HOT bool
u6a_vm_stack_pop() {
struct vm_stack* vs = active_stack;
if (LIKELY(vs->top-- < UINT32_MAX)) {
return true;
}
active_stack = vs->prev;
if (UNLIKELY(active_stack == NULL)) {
active_stack = vs;
return false;
}
if (active_stack->refcnt-- > 1) {
active_stack = vm_stack_dup();
}
if (UNLIKELY(active_stack == NULL)) {
active_stack = vs;
return false;
};
free(vs);
return true;
}
struct u6a_vm_var_fn
u6a_vm_stack_xch(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v0) {
struct vm_stack* vs = active_stack;
struct u6a_vm_var_fn top = vs->elems[vs->top - 1];
vs->elems[vs->top - 1] = v0;
return top;
}
void*
u6a_vm_stack_save() {
return vm_stack_dup();
}
void
u6a_vm_stack_resume(void* ptr) {
u6a_vm_stack_destroy();
active_stack = ptr;
}
void
u6a_vm_stack_discard(void* ptr) {
vm_stack_free(ptr);
}
void
u6a_vm_stack_destroy() {
vm_stack_free(active_stack);
}

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src/vm_stack.h Normal file
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/*
* vm_stack.h - Unlambda VM segmented stacks definitions
*
* Copyright (C) 2020 CismonX <admin@cismon.net>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifndef U6A_VM_STACK_H_
#define U6A_VM_STACK_H_
#include "common.h"
#include "vm_defs.h"
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
bool
u6a_vm_stack_init(uint32_t stack_seg_len);
struct u6a_vm_var_fn
u6a_vm_stack_top();
bool
u6a_vm_stack_push1(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v0);
bool
u6a_vm_stack_push2(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v0, struct u6a_vm_var_fn v1);
// Functions push3 and push4 are made for the s2 function to alleviate overhead caused by hot split
bool
u6a_vm_stack_push3(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v0, struct u6a_vm_var_tuple v12);
bool
u6a_vm_stack_push4(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v0, struct u6a_vm_var_fn v1, struct u6a_vm_var_tuple v23);
bool
u6a_vm_stack_pop();
struct u6a_vm_var_fn
u6a_vm_stack_xch(struct u6a_vm_var_fn v1);
void*
u6a_vm_stack_save();
void
u6a_vm_stack_resume(void* ptr);
void
u6a_vm_stack_discard(void* ptr);
void
u6a_vm_stack_destroy();
#endif